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Senna bicapsularis

Accepted name

 Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb.1, 2, 3, 4

Synonyms

 Adipera bicapsularis (L.) Britton & Wilson5, 6
Adipera spiciflora Pittier5
Cassia berterii Colla5
Cassia bicapsularis L.2, 4, 5, 6, 7
Cassia bicapsularis L. var. aristata DC.5
Cassia bicapsularis L. var. quadrijuga DC.5
Cassia collae G. Don5
Cassia emarginata L.5
Cassia inflata Spreng.5
Cassia laevigata sensu Prain
Cassia limensis Lam.5
Cassia sennoides Jacq.5
Cassia spiciflora (Pittier) Pittier5
Cathartocarpus bicapsularis (L.) Ham.5
Chamaefistula inflata G. Don5
Isandrina arborescens Raf.5
Isandrina emarginata (L.) Britton & Rose5

Taxonomy

 Tribe: Cassieae;  Genus: Senna

Vernacular names

 Yellow Candle Wood8

Descriptors

 Perennial non-climbing tree;  not threatened

Uses

 Environmental9; Environmental3; Environmental10; Environmental8; Environmental11; Environmental4; Environmental12; Food and Drink9; Wood9; Environmental13

Notes

 Cultivated specimens tend to climb/trail; natural specimens are more erect.14; Native of W. Indies and S. America; often cultivated, naturalised in some areas.1

Geographical records

 Africa:   Egypt(I)15, Ethiopia(I)16, Ghana(I)17, Kenya(I)13, Malawi(I)15, Nigeria(I)15, Senegal(I)17, Sierra Leone(I)17, Somalia(I)15, South Africa(I)18, Sudan(I)15, Tanzania(I)13, Uganda(I)13, Zaire(I)19, Zambia(I)20, Zimbabwe(I)15

Asia1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 21, 22:   China(I)22, India(I)3, 4, 11, 14, 21, Indonesia-ISO(I)1, 12, Irian Jaya(N)1, Java(N)12, Malaysia-ISO(I)14, Sri Lanka(I)10, Thailand(I)3, Vietnam(I)9

Australasia8:   New Caledonia(U)8, Papua New Guinea(N)1

Caribbean1, 13:   Caribbean-TRP(U)5, 6

Central America:   Guatemala(U)5, Panama(U)5, 23

China:   Guangdong22, Guangxi22

India:   Assam4, Maharashtra11, Manipur4, Meghalaya4, Mizoram4, Nagaland4, Tripura4, West Bengal21

North America:   United States(U)5

Pacific Ocean8:   Hawaii(U)8, New Zealand (North)(I)8, New Zealand (South)(I)8

South America1, 13:   Chile(U)5, Colombia(U)5, Ecuador(U)5, French Guiana(U)5, Guyana(U)5, Peru(U)5, Venezuela(U)5

(N = native, I = introduced, U = uncertain status)

Habitats (for Africa only)

 Cultivated

Literature citations

 Description1, 3, 4, 9, 10, 13, 14, 19, 22, 24, 25;  Illustration3, 4, 9, 22, 24

Sources

 2004-11 (S Asia) Kumar S & Sane P;     Coordinator: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS

References
1:Verdcourt, B. (1979) A Manual of New Guinea Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae, PNG
2:Lock, J.M. (1988) Kew Bull. 43: 333-342. Cassia sens. lat. in africa
3:Larsen, K. et al. (1984) Flora of Thailand, Vol 4 Part 1. In: T. Smithinand & K. Larsen
4:Singh, V. (2001) Monograph on Indian Subtribe Cassiinae (Caesalpiniaceae)
5:Irwin, H.S. & Barneby, R.C. (1982) Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35: 1-918 [in 2 parts] American Cassiinae
6:Liogier, A.H. (1988) Desc. Flora Puerto Rico & Adjacent Is-Spermatophyta Vol. II
7:Irwin. H.S. & Barneby, R.C. (1982) Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 35 (1 & 2): 1-918 The American Cassiinae
8:Horn, P.E. (1988) Herbarium References
9:Larsen, K. et al (1980) In: Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, Vol 18. A.
10:Rudd, V.E. (1991) Flora of Ceylon 7: 34-107. Caesalpinioideae
11:Cooke, T. (1903) The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay Vol. 1
12:Backer, C.A. (1963) Flora of Java. Groningen, The Netherlands
13:Brenan, J.P.M. (1967) Caesalp. In: Flora Trop. East Africa. Milne-Redhead & Polhill
14:DeWit, H.C.D. (1955) Webbia 11: 197-292. Revision of Gen. Cassia as occ. in Malaysia
15:Lock, J.M. (1985) Specimen in Herb. Kew
16:Thulin, M. (1983) Opera Botanica 68: 1-223. Leguminosae of Ethiopia
17:Keay, R.W.J. (1958) Flora of West Tropical Africa. Ed. 2; Vol. 1, part 2
18:Ross, J.H. (1982) Caesalpinoideae. In: Flora Southern Africa 16, pt. 1. Ross. J.H.
19:Robyns, W. (Ed.) (1952) Flore du Congo Belge, Vol. 3. Mimosoideae, Caesalpinoideae
20:White, F. (1962) Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia.
21:Prain, D. (1903) Bengal Plants Vol 1
22:Chen, P.Y. (1988) Erythrophloeum & ... In: Fl. Reip. Pop. Sinicae, 39 (Legum. 1)
23:D'Arcy, W.G. (1987) Monogr. Syst. Botany Missouri Botanical Garden. Flora Panama.
24:Valenti, G.S. (1971) Webbia 26: 1-99. Adumbr. Fl. Aeth.; Caesalpin; gen. Cassia.
25:Ding Hou, Larsen, S & Larsen, K (1996) Flora Malesiana I, 12, 2: 409-784. Caesalpiniaceae.

 The following databases on Web pages not maintained by ILDIS may contain information on Senna bicapsularis . If you use one of these buttons, you may have to use your browser's Back button to return to this page.

Nomenclature
TROPICOS nomenclatural database at Missouri Botanical Garden (W3TROPICOS)

Rhizobia
database of root-nodule bacteria at RIKEN, Japan


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